Ang Republika Federal sg Kabisay-an (The Federal Republic of the Visayas)

Historical Facts obviously omitted or deliberately hidden in our School History Books
(Source: History Reborn"The Federal Republic of the Visayas" -by: dinggol a.divinagracia*June 12, 2007)

*That Spain had already formally surrendered to the Federal Republic of the Visayas even before Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo was proclaimed Philippine President in Malolos, Bulacan on January 23, 1899. That our Independent Visayan Republic, had never been under the authority and jurisdiction of Aguinaldo's "Katagalogan" Republic in Luzon.

excerpted: "...A paper written by Jose Manuel Velmonte, a research associate at the UP Third World Studies Center, found that the Visayan revolutionary elites not only had sophisticated political ideas but also resented attempts by Malolos to assert its authority. A Tagalog military expedition sent by Malolos to Panay to assert its presence was met with hostility. The Luzon force led by Generals Ananias Diocno and Leandro Fullon was regarded by the Visayan revolutionaries, led by the Visayan supremo, Gen. Martin Delgado, as an ''invasion'' force ..." (Source: Inquirer-1999- 06-13 "View of revolt in provinces spurs revision" By: Amando Doronila)

According to Dr. Luis C.Dery, an eminent Filipino Scholar: "Expounding the extent of Aguinaldo's Philippine Army; the Bangsamoro nation's Mindanao, Sulu, and the rest of its islands never fell under Aguinaldo's politico-military control and sovereignty. In fact as late as August 1898 much of northern Luzon, southern Luzon, the Visayas, and Mindanao remained outside of the control of Aguinaldo's Republic. Thus, several military expeditions were sent to these places to bring' them to recognize the First Philippine Republic."

*That the 1898 Treaty of Paris preliminaries, should not have included territories of the sovereign "Visayan Nation"; the confederation of both the Central and Western Visayas Cantonal Governments by virtue of Spain's formal surrender prior to this U.S. and Spain treaty of peace (Paris) and the $20-million buy-out. Spain had no more legal rights to sell. In legal parlance "nemodat quod non habet” -meaning “you cannot give what is not yours”. It states that the purchase of a possession from someone who has no ownership right to it also denies the purchaser any ownership title.

This diplomatic "Faux pas" that was supposed to be officially consummated and became legal and internationally binding only on APRIL 11, 1899 should, or rather must be rectified.
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*June 12, 1898 -Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine Independence from Spain in Kawit, Cavite --but never won the war against Spain, as explained in the infamous betrayal --the "Mock Battle of Manila of August 13, 1898".

*Nov. 6 & Dec. 23, 1898 -Spain formally surrendered to both; the Negros Republic that merged (Dec. 2, 1898) with the Federal Republic of the Visayas based in Iloilo (respectively)

excerpted: "...These two nations, from a purely legal point of view, are COMPLETELY LEGITIMATE UNTIL TODAY. This could imply that the Manila-based Tagalista-oriented Unitarian central government of the Philippines in the Visayas and Mindanao is an Occupational Government, that ultimately originated from an invalid Treaty of Paris...."

Dr. Jose P. Dacudao; National President -Save Our Languages thru Federalism Foundation (SOLFED), Inc.

*July 4, 1946 -The United States of America granted Philippine Independence on a silver platter with strings attached.

"True Independence could never be just self-proclaimed nor bestowed upon, it has to be won and duly achieved with dignity" -- DinggolAranetaDivinagracia (Founder: Ilonggo Nation Movement (INM) Global Network ..Dec. 25, 2005)

Dinggol is an Ilonggo Historian of modern times. He is a lover of nature and reform activist by profession; a genealogist by avocation, and an avid advocate of the Cooperative Movement and "Parliamentary" Federalism. He is, likewise, a duly registered Researcher at the U.S. Library of Congress in the nations capital --Washington D.C.

"It is rather speculative as it is without basis of history if we mean of "history" is that which had been written for us by the "tutas" or lackeys of our colonial and imperial masters.." -- Benjie Evicner Estuche (INM Co-Founder)

"Federalism is not the best way, it is the only way"..
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Join the Last Laugh with us!

*When Christopher Columbus said that the world is round, people asked -What? and then they laughed.

*When the Wright brothers said they'll fly and soar the skies, people asked -How? and then they laughed.

*When Jules Verne wrote someday man could travel below the seven seas and shall walk on the moon, people asked - When? and then they laughed.

*When John the Baptist prophesied the coming of the Lord, the Messiah, people asked -Who? and then they laughed.

*When the Ilonggo Nation Movement (INM) Global Network announced its mission and vision, people did not even bother to ask, What? How? When? or Who? --They just laughed and laughed. *People are still laughing, ...but the laughter is fading!

Ang inyo alagad sa guihapon -DinggolAranetaDivinagracia~~

Claim your birth right, VISIT AND JOIN US! AT: "GLIMPSES OF ILONGGO HISTORY" https://www.facebook.com/groups/2470058109983695 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~oo0oo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

"ACTA DE CAPITULACION~1898" (The Formal Surrender Document)

"ACTA DE CAPITULACION~1898" (The Formal Surrender Document)
*Nov. 6 & Dec. 23, 1898 -Spain formally surrendered to both; the Negros Republic that merged (Dec. 2, 1898) with the Federal Republic of the Visayas based in Iloilo (respectively)
Ergo! we won our battle-scarred freedom and legitimate independence and became a sovereign nation. The "First" Republic in the whole of Asia, but was nipped-in-the bud by the "ugly" Americans. A diplomatic faux pas, a political blunder and a travesty of history! --DinggolAranetaDivinagracia~~~

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Tuesday, September 03, 2019

The Enterprising French Brothers in the City of Iloilo , Philippines

The Enterprising French Brothers in the City of Iloilo, Philippines

(By DinggolAranetaDivinagracia - IlonggoNationMovement)







Prologue: “Sometime in 1873 three Frenchmen established the widely successful merchandising enterprise “La Estrella del Norte” along Calle Real in Iloilo City, Philippines. The three (3) brothers were sons of Jewish parents Nathan dit Moise and Louise Levy, namely; Adolphe Blum Levy, the eldest and his two brothers Charles and Raphael. They sold jewelry, and trinkets, Swiss-made wristwatches; Gramophones and fine perfumes; imported clothing and many other novelty items.” --dinggol.d~~~








(Photo of Adolphe Blum Levy, 1849-1888)

The arrival of the Levy brothers:

The three brothers arrived in Iloilo City from the French region of Alsace-Lorraine by way of San Francisco, fleeing the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. They brought with them a stash of precious diamonds, and five (5) crates of religious icons, medals, gold chains, and many gilt eyeglass frames that they were unable to sell in California but were quite popular by then in the Philippines.







Their business venture became extremely successful that the brothers opened branches in Escolta-Manila, Hong Kong, Singapore, New York, and in Paris, France. Later, they expanded into watchmaking, the distribution of pharmaceuticals, the bicycles and then ultimately automobiles dealership and cargo shipping under the new business trade name of Levy Hermanos.

Adolphe Blum Levy married Benita Enríquez of Iloilo with whom he had a son named Francisco Enriquez Levy.

While his brother's families eventually returned home to the United States and France, Adolphe's descendants stayed in the Philippines after his death in Manila of Cholera on June 13, 1888. A close relative, Charles Weil, took over management of the Levy Hermanos business after Adolphe’s demised.

The U.S. Invasion of Iloilo:







The U.S. invasion of Iloilo headed by Gen. Marcus Miller began on February 7, 1899 --with the continuous naval bombardment of Iloilo City for about a week that brought total irreparable damages and demolished the historic “Fort San Pedro“ citadel. A week later, the American troops led by Gen. Robert Hughes landed at Fort San Pedro, and stormed the city where many villages were razed to the ground and hundreds of innocent civilians were brutally killed.

Just like all other City residents and businesses, La Estrella del Norte lost a substantial amount worth of properties and assets equivalent to multi-million US Dollars today during the conflagration.

On February 22, 1899 Iloilo City fell to the American forces and there was relative peace. Hence, La Estrella del Norte (LEDN) resumed its normal operation in Iloilo City during the American regime..

Villar, A Trusted LEDN Employee: 
One of the trusted bookkeepers of La Estrella del Norte was an unassuming man named Catalino Villar of Tanza in Iloilo City who married Vicenta Montalban of Cabatuan in Iloilo. The couple had eight (8) children, the eldest of whom was named Manuel a.k.a. "Maning" who was married to Curita Bamba of Orani, Bataan.







Manuel, an inspector for the Bureau of Fisheries, and his wife Curita, a wholesale fish dealer settled in Tondo, Manila where they raised their nine (9) children, selling seafood in the Divisoria area.







Their second child was Manuel “Manny” Villar, Jr., a bright and resourceful young man with business acumen who would eventually marry the former Ms. Cynthia Ampaya Aguilar who belongs to the wealthy and politically influential Las Piñas-Muntinlupa family in Metro Manila. (Last mid-term Senatorial election Cynthia Aguilar-Villar was the Number one winner).

Likewise, the two daughters of Manuel Montalban Villar, Sr. married the two (2) sons of Jose "Pakloy" Divinagracia of Dumangas in Iloilo; Jessie Divinagracia married to the eldest Odette Villar, while his brother Paolit (Paolo) Divinagracia also married Odette's younger sister. Both are the sisters of Manuel "Manny" Villar, Jr. who served as Senate President of the Philippines for quite sometime.

The Sonora Sisters of Bacolod City: 
Meanwhile, Adolphe Blum Levy’s son Francisco Enriquez Levy married Luisa Gallo of Iloilo and their children were Purificacion, Ramon, Alfredo, Vicente, Nestor, Luisa, Carmen, Rosendo and Francisco Jr.

Their eldest child, Purificacion married Dr. Jesus Sonora of Bacolod City who belongs to the Locsin Clan of the Negros branch. They were blessed with two (2) beautiful daughters; Jesusa Purificacion Sonora, a.k.a. Susan Roces and Rosa Maria Sonora, a.k.a Rosemarie Sonora.







The former movie actress Rosemarie Sonora and her estranged husband Jesse Cruz also known as actor Ricky Belmonte has a daughter named Ms. Sheryl Cruz, also a movie actress.







While the former celebrity movie actress Susan Roces who married Ronald Allan Kelley Poe; dubbed as “Ang Panday” and the “King of Filipino movies” as Fernando Poe, Jr. (FPJ) are the legally adoptive parents of a foundling, an infant girl who was found at the Jaro Cathedral in Iloilo City and was christened as Mary Grace Poe. The couple's "Divine Grace" who grew up in Manila, married Neil Llamanzares at age 22 and immigrated to the U.S.A. to raise their family. However, after the demise of “The King” she returned to the Philippines with a purpose --to carry on the failed political dream of FPJ. She won in her first attempt inside the political arena topping the senatorial slate. Thereafter, she was one of the unsuccessful candidate for the Presidency during the last 2016 national election.

The Frenchman Adolphe Blum Levy who ventured in Iloilo City 146 years ago, and established “La Estrella del Norte” or the Star of the North, left shining stars from the south of the Philippines. In the Silver Screen, a direct descendant, the teenage movie idol of the yesteryear’s “Susan Roces” with her adopted daughter Grace Poe. And indirectly, from loyal employee Catalino, with his grandson Manuel “Manny” Villar, Jr. who is still shining bright in the political firmament of the country today.


(Former Senator Manuel“Manny”Villar, Jr.)




(Senator Grace Poe Llamanzares)



Epilogue: “Interestingly, many believe that in the very near future, one of these “shining stars” is destined by fate to enter the halls of Malacañang. Shall it be the Moneyed-Guy who styled himself with his “from rags to riches” fame; or the foundling who projects herself as the “epitome of sweet innocence” always wearing an immaculate white attire?

May the best one wins! ... Padayon! --dinggolSDname~~~
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