THE POWER BEHIND THE THRONE
(By: dinggol a.divinagracia -INM Banwa_Mo *October 15, 2007)
Behind the success or failure of Filipino Leaders; be it family, friend or acquaintance who have greatly influenced their fate for history … is a Bisaya and/or an Ilonggo!
* Mactan Chieftain Lapu Lapu
Cebu King Rajah Humabon and Datu Zula, both collaborated with the Spanish “discoverers” under Ferdinand Magellan to kill Lapu Lapu. In the ensuing battle of Mactan, Magellan was slained and Lapu Lapu became our foremost hero.
* Cebu King Datu Tupas
Boholano leaders Datu Sikatuna and Datu Sigala, performed the "Blood Compact" as token of friendship with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi. Thereafter, they assisted the Spaniards to invade Cebu. The Spanish led invasion was victorious and Datu Tupas agreed to pay tributes for protection from the victors. This was the first recorded "Protection Racket" in Philippine history.
The “El Adelantado” Miguel Lopez de Legspi then established the first permanent Spanish settlement on the island of Cebu. Thus, began the colonization and christianization of the whole archipelago with the sword and the cross.
* Philippine National Hero Dr. Jose P. Rizal
Graciano Lopez Jaena of Jaro in Iloilo, together with Jose P. Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar composed the great triumvirate of the Propaganda Movement in Spain during the late 1800's. Lopez Jaena was the founder of the La Solidaridad, the organ of the propaganda movement --that ignited the spark of the Philippine Revolution.
* Katipunan Supremo Andres Bonifacio
Candido Iban and Francisco del Castillo, of Aklan (then part of Capiz) donated part of their lottery winnings in Australia to set-up a printing press for the Katipunan‘s “Kalayaan” kartilla. They were commissioned by the Supremo to organize a Katipunan chapter in their home province. Both were killed in action during the early part of the revolution.
* President Emilio F. Aguinaldo
Gregorio S. Araneta of Molo, Iloilo City– As advised by Apolinario Mabini became Secretary General of the Malolos Congress and led in framing the Constitution of the First Philippine Republic under Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. He was the first Philippine Secretary of Finance, Justice and Solicitor General.
* President Manuel L. Quezon
His Vice President was Sergio Osmena of Cebu and Jorge B. Vargas of Bago, Negros Occidental was his Executive Secretary. President Quezon’s daughter, María Zeneida "Nini" Quezon -a widow re-married to Alberto Avancena, son of Chief Justice Ramon Avancena of Arevalo, Iloilo and Proserfina Abad of Leyte.
* President Sergio Osmena
The post WWII president who took the reins of government on February 1945 is a Bisaya from Cebu of Chinese descent, whose son Serging married an ilongga ..Lourdes de la Rama. The Taipans "Golden Rule" began and gave a shot-in-the-arm to Philippine economy.
* President Jose P. Laurel
War time President; A risky decision to accept a difficult position in a very precarious situation. His son Salvador "Doy" married Celia Diaz of the Bacolod Locsin Clan. And another son Mariano married Alice of the Iloilo Yulo Clan.
* President Manuel A. Roxas
A Genuine Ilonggo from the Province of Capiz. The capital...Roxas City was named after him. He married Trinidad de Leon of Bulacan; hence, his Capizena sweetheart --the operatic diva Jovita Fuentes was broken hearted and echoed her sentiments in the immortal ilonggo folk song “Ay ay Kalisod, kalisod ining binaya-an” . President Roxas son, the late Senator Gerardo “Gerry” Roxas married Judy Araneta y Araneta of the old rich ilonggo family in Negros Occidental.
* President Elpidio Quirino
His Bisaya Senate President, Jose Avelino of Samar, one of the few Filipino politicians at that time censured for his dealings; in reply to question on widespread corruption in government, cynically asked, "What are we in power for? We are not hypocrites. Why should we pretend to be saints when in reality we are not? . . .
* President Ramon Magsaysay
Was born in Iba, Zambales to Ezequiel Magsaysay, a blacksmith, and Perfecta del Fierro, a schoolteacher of Visayan descent. His daughter Mila married Cezar Infante Valenzuela of Valladolid, Negros Occidental.
* President Carlos P. Garcia
A Bisaya from Talibon, Bohol. President Garcia’s administration was anchored in his austerity program. His bold attempt to boost economic independence with the nationalistic "Filipino First Policy" caught the ire of Multi-National Giants and he lost the propaganda war against the big global Business interests.
* President Diosdado Macapagal
Entrusted to Ilonggo Rufino“Fenny”Hechanova the Cabinet positions of: Executive Secretary, Press Secretary, Finance Secretary and Secretary of Trade and Industry... not necessarily in that order. Justice Calixto Zaldivar of Antique, likewise served as his Executive Secretary.
The family of this Pampangueno who styled himself as the “poor boy” from Lubao, evidently love ilonggos. The low-profile son Arturo married Mariter Lacson Jalandoni of Iloilo City while small but terrible daughter Gloria married Mike Tuason Arroyo of Binalbagan, Negros Occidental.
* President Ferdinand E. Marcos
Married to the Imeldefic Bisayan Beauty, the Rose of Tacloban City, Leyte. His son Bong-Bong married Lawyer Liza Cacho Araneta of the Araneta clan-Negros Branch while youngest daughter Irene to Greggy scion of the Araneta clan-Iloilo Branch.
Under his administration served, the "Yin and Yang" of the Salas Clan of Negros; Roberto "Nonoy Bobby" Benedicto and Rafael "Toto Cay" Salas.
* President Corazon C. Aquino
When "Ninoy" became a dream and "Cory" the reality --after ilonggo Prelate Jaime Cardinal Sin incited EDSA-I --she depended to ilonggos; Franklin M. Drilon as Executive Secretary; Justice Raul M. Gonzales as Tanodbayan (Ombudsman) and Solicitor General Frank Chavez to face the tentacles of the deposed dictator.
* President Fidel V. Ramos
Married to the dainty and demure ilongga Amelita "Ming" Jara Martinez of Lapaz, Iloilo City. Mr. "Tabako" was a principal figure in toppling the dictatorial regime of his cousin Ferdy. Inday Meriam and many others, however, are still doubtful of Apo Fidel's "Brown-Out" presidency.
* President Joseph Ejercito Estrada
His favorite connection, among others is his "Guiding Lady" from Bacolod City --Guia Gomez. Their son J.V. Ejercito, in now Mayor of San Juan City in Metro Manila. Eraps only daughter with Dra. Loi, Jacqueline "Jackie Estrada" Ejercito later married Manuel "Beaver" Lopez Jr. --scion of the super rich ilonggo Lopez family.
* President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Her first and only Gentleman is Miguel Tuason Arroyo of Binalbagan, Negros Occidental. A great grandson of Negros Island Revolutionary leader Gen. Aniceto Ledesma Lacson and Rosario Emilia Araneta. The second wife of Gen. Aniceto L. Lacson was Magdalena Torres.
Presently, her ardent backers are ilonggo Justice Secretary (On-leave) Raul M. Gonzales and her defenders in Congress, the Defensors of Iloilo. While with "Joc-Joc" Bolante of Capiz .... a thorn in her throat.
Even Filipino leadership on the opposite side of the political spectrum; NDF-CPA-NPA Jose Maria "Joma" Sison; has the ilonggo conjugal ex-clergy, Father Luis Jalandoni and Sister Coni Ledesma who also literally calls the shots.
Today, a ray of "Hope" is conspicously glowing along the horizon that might revolutionize Filipino society. This was initiated by yet another modest ilonggo Antonio P. Meloto of Molo, Iloilo and Negros Occidental.
Tony has effectively started rekindle the inherent Filipino trait; the "Bayanihan Spirit" as Founder and Executive Director of GAWAD KALINGA.
GK is making waves throughout the Philippines and supported not only by concerned Filipino expatriates but also by benevolent groups worldwide.
There must be something about the Bisaya and/or Ilonggo that makes them "Click!"
Ano tana ayhan ?... Ay ma-an timo!.
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n.b.( Permission to copy and reprint above-article was requested and granted to the President of a KAHIRUP CLUB in Canada, and for a book authored by a Professor in the University of Hawaii.)
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Ang Republika Federal sg Kabisay-an (The Federal Republic of the Visayas)
Historical Facts obviously omitted or deliberately hidden in our School History Books
(Source: History Reborn"The Federal Republic of the Visayas" -by: dinggol a.divinagracia*June 12, 2007)
*That Spain had already formally surrendered to the Federal Republic of the Visayas even before Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo was proclaimed Philippine President in Malolos, Bulacan on January 23, 1899. That our Independent Visayan Republic, had never been under the authority and jurisdiction of Aguinaldo's "Katagalogan" Republic in Luzon.
excerpted: "...A paper written by Jose Manuel Velmonte, a research associate at the UP Third World Studies Center, found that the Visayan revolutionary elites not only had sophisticated political ideas but also resented attempts by Malolos to assert its authority. A Tagalog military expedition sent by Malolos to Panay to assert its presence was met with hostility. The Luzon force led by Generals Ananias Diocno and Leandro Fullon was regarded by the Visayan revolutionaries, led by the Visayan supremo, Gen. Martin Delgado, as an ''invasion'' force ..." (Source: Inquirer-1999- 06-13 "View of revolt in provinces spurs revision" By: Amando Doronila)
According to Dr. Luis C.Dery, an eminent Filipino Scholar: "Expounding the extent of Aguinaldo's Philippine Army; the Bangsamoro nation's Mindanao, Sulu, and the rest of its islands never fell under Aguinaldo's politico-military control and sovereignty. In fact as late as August 1898 much of northern Luzon, southern Luzon, the Visayas, and Mindanao remained outside of the control of Aguinaldo's Republic. Thus, several military expeditions were sent to these places to bring' them to recognize the First Philippine Republic."
*That the 1898 Treaty of Paris preliminaries, should not have included territories of the sovereign "Visayan Nation"; the confederation of both the Central and Western Visayas Cantonal Governments by virtue of Spain's formal surrender prior to this U.S. and Spain treaty of peace (Paris) and the $20-million buy-out. Spain had no more legal rights to sell. In legal parlance "nemodat quod non habet” -meaning “you cannot give what is not yours”. It states that the purchase of a possession from someone who has no ownership right to it also denies the purchaser any ownership title.
This diplomatic "Faux pas" that was supposed to be officially consummated and became legal and internationally binding only on APRIL 11, 1899 should, or rather must be rectified.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*June 12, 1898 -Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine Independence from Spain in Kawit, Cavite --but never won the war against Spain, as explained in the infamous betrayal --the "Mock Battle of Manila of August 13, 1898".
*Nov. 6 & Dec. 23, 1898 -Spain formally surrendered to both; the Negros Republic that merged (Dec. 2, 1898) with the Federal Republic of the Visayas based in Iloilo (respectively)
excerpted: "...These two nations, from a purely legal point of view, are COMPLETELY LEGITIMATE UNTIL TODAY. This could imply that the Manila-based Tagalista-oriented Unitarian central government of the Philippines in the Visayas and Mindanao is an Occupational Government, that ultimately originated from an invalid Treaty of Paris...."
Dr. Jose P. Dacudao; National President -Save Our Languages thru Federalism Foundation (SOLFED), Inc.
*July 4, 1946 -The United States of America granted Philippine Independence on a silver platter with strings attached.
"True Independence could never be just self-proclaimed nor bestowed upon, it has to be won and duly achieved with dignity" -- DinggolAranetaDivinagracia (Founder: Ilonggo Nation Movement (INM) Global Network ..Dec. 25, 2005)
Dinggol is an Ilonggo Historian of modern times. He is a lover of nature and reform activist by profession; a genealogist by avocation, and an avid advocate of the Cooperative Movement and "Parliamentary" Federalism. He is, likewise, a duly registered Researcher at the U.S. Library of Congress in the nations capital --Washington D.C.
"It is rather speculative as it is without basis of history if we mean of "history" is that which had been written for us by the "tutas" or lackeys of our colonial and imperial masters.." -- Benjie Evicner Estuche (INM Co-Founder)
"Federalism is not the best way, it is the only way"..
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Join the Last Laugh with us!
*When Christopher Columbus said that the world is round, people asked -What? and then they laughed.
*When the Wright brothers said they'll fly and soar the skies, people asked -How? and then they laughed.
*When Jules Verne wrote someday man could travel below the seven seas and shall walk on the moon, people asked - When? and then they laughed.
*When John the Baptist prophesied the coming of the Lord, the Messiah, people asked -Who? and then they laughed.
*When the Ilonggo Nation Movement (INM) Global Network announced its mission and vision, people did not even bother to ask, What? How? When? or Who? --They just laughed and laughed. *People are still laughing, ...but the laughter is fading!
Ang inyo alagad sa guihapon -DinggolAranetaDivinagracia~~
(Source: History Reborn"The Federal Republic of the Visayas" -by: dinggol a.divinagracia*June 12, 2007)
*That Spain had already formally surrendered to the Federal Republic of the Visayas even before Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo was proclaimed Philippine President in Malolos, Bulacan on January 23, 1899. That our Independent Visayan Republic, had never been under the authority and jurisdiction of Aguinaldo's "Katagalogan" Republic in Luzon.
excerpted: "...A paper written by Jose Manuel Velmonte, a research associate at the UP Third World Studies Center, found that the Visayan revolutionary elites not only had sophisticated political ideas but also resented attempts by Malolos to assert its authority. A Tagalog military expedition sent by Malolos to Panay to assert its presence was met with hostility. The Luzon force led by Generals Ananias Diocno and Leandro Fullon was regarded by the Visayan revolutionaries, led by the Visayan supremo, Gen. Martin Delgado, as an ''invasion'' force ..." (Source: Inquirer-1999- 06-13 "View of revolt in provinces spurs revision" By: Amando Doronila)
According to Dr. Luis C.Dery, an eminent Filipino Scholar: "Expounding the extent of Aguinaldo's Philippine Army; the Bangsamoro nation's Mindanao, Sulu, and the rest of its islands never fell under Aguinaldo's politico-military control and sovereignty. In fact as late as August 1898 much of northern Luzon, southern Luzon, the Visayas, and Mindanao remained outside of the control of Aguinaldo's Republic. Thus, several military expeditions were sent to these places to bring' them to recognize the First Philippine Republic."
*That the 1898 Treaty of Paris preliminaries, should not have included territories of the sovereign "Visayan Nation"; the confederation of both the Central and Western Visayas Cantonal Governments by virtue of Spain's formal surrender prior to this U.S. and Spain treaty of peace (Paris) and the $20-million buy-out. Spain had no more legal rights to sell. In legal parlance "nemodat quod non habet” -meaning “you cannot give what is not yours”. It states that the purchase of a possession from someone who has no ownership right to it also denies the purchaser any ownership title.
This diplomatic "Faux pas" that was supposed to be officially consummated and became legal and internationally binding only on APRIL 11, 1899 should, or rather must be rectified.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*June 12, 1898 -Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine Independence from Spain in Kawit, Cavite --but never won the war against Spain, as explained in the infamous betrayal --the "Mock Battle of Manila of August 13, 1898".
*Nov. 6 & Dec. 23, 1898 -Spain formally surrendered to both; the Negros Republic that merged (Dec. 2, 1898) with the Federal Republic of the Visayas based in Iloilo (respectively)
excerpted: "...These two nations, from a purely legal point of view, are COMPLETELY LEGITIMATE UNTIL TODAY. This could imply that the Manila-based Tagalista-oriented Unitarian central government of the Philippines in the Visayas and Mindanao is an Occupational Government, that ultimately originated from an invalid Treaty of Paris...."
Dr. Jose P. Dacudao; National President -Save Our Languages thru Federalism Foundation (SOLFED), Inc.
*July 4, 1946 -The United States of America granted Philippine Independence on a silver platter with strings attached.
"True Independence could never be just self-proclaimed nor bestowed upon, it has to be won and duly achieved with dignity" -- DinggolAranetaDivinagracia (Founder: Ilonggo Nation Movement (INM) Global Network ..Dec. 25, 2005)
Dinggol is an Ilonggo Historian of modern times. He is a lover of nature and reform activist by profession; a genealogist by avocation, and an avid advocate of the Cooperative Movement and "Parliamentary" Federalism. He is, likewise, a duly registered Researcher at the U.S. Library of Congress in the nations capital --Washington D.C.
"It is rather speculative as it is without basis of history if we mean of "history" is that which had been written for us by the "tutas" or lackeys of our colonial and imperial masters.." -- Benjie Evicner Estuche (INM Co-Founder)
"Federalism is not the best way, it is the only way"..
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~oo0oo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Join the Last Laugh with us!
*When Christopher Columbus said that the world is round, people asked -What? and then they laughed.
*When the Wright brothers said they'll fly and soar the skies, people asked -How? and then they laughed.
*When Jules Verne wrote someday man could travel below the seven seas and shall walk on the moon, people asked - When? and then they laughed.
*When John the Baptist prophesied the coming of the Lord, the Messiah, people asked -Who? and then they laughed.
*When the Ilonggo Nation Movement (INM) Global Network announced its mission and vision, people did not even bother to ask, What? How? When? or Who? --They just laughed and laughed. *People are still laughing, ...but the laughter is fading!
Ang inyo alagad sa guihapon -DinggolAranetaDivinagracia~~
Claim your birth right,
VISIT AND JOIN US! AT: "GLIMPSES OF ILONGGO HISTORY"
https://www.facebook.com/groups/2470058109983695
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~oo0oo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
"ACTA DE CAPITULACION~1898" (The Formal Surrender Document)
*Nov. 6 & Dec. 23, 1898 -Spain formally surrendered to both; the Negros Republic that merged (Dec. 2, 1898) with the Federal Republic of the Visayas based in Iloilo (respectively)
Ergo! we won our battle-scarred freedom and legitimate independence and became a sovereign nation. The "First" Republic in the whole of Asia, but was nipped-in-the bud by the "ugly" Americans. A diplomatic faux pas, a political blunder and a travesty of history! --DinggolAranetaDivinagracia~~~
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